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Photo Credits                                          29	 Morning Sun News-Herald; Mason City             References Cited
                                                            Globe-Gazette.
Except where noted, images were obtained from the                                                          Bauer, Patrick B.
public domain via online websites.                     30	 Iowa Conservation Commission, table titled
OSA—provided by the University of Iowa Office of             “Iowa Inland River Dams.”                     	 1989	 Farm Mortgagor Relief Legislation in Iowa
the State Archaeologist.                                                                                              during the Great Depression. Annals of
LCHS—digital image from Dennis McGlaughlin cour-       31	 Such practices are described in handbooks                  Iowa 50:23–62.
tesy of the Littleton and Chatham Historical Society.        of the period, such as Edward Wegmann’s
LCHS-FFPC—digital images from the Fisher family             classic treatise The Design and Construc-      Bender, Robert J.
photography collection courtesy of the Littleton and        tion of Dams, published in several editions
Chatham Historical Society.                                  between 1899 and 1922.                        	 1932	 Old “Corn Belt” Group First to Suggest
USFWS—provided by the United States Fish and                                                                           Strike. Ames Daily Tribune-Times (Ames,
Wildlife Service.                                      32	 Waterloo Evening Courier 1929; Waterloo                     Iowa), August 27, 1932, p. 1.
                                                            Daily Courier 1933a, 1934b.
Endnotes                                                                                                   Bulletin-Journal, The (Independence, Iowa)
                                                       33	Carlson.
1	 Iowa Public Broadcasting Network.                                                                       	 1933a	 Plan Relief Large Scale. The Bulletin-
                                                       34	 Sumner Gazette 1938a.                                      Journal, November 16, 1933, p. [5].
2	Bauer.
                                                       35	 Bulletin-Journal 1934d, 1934g, 1934h,           	 1933b	 Work For 174 Men By Dec. 4[,] 143 To
3	 Bauer; McElvaine, pp. 35–37; Narber, pp.                  1934i, 1934j, 1934k.                                     Date. The Bulletin-Journal, November 30,
      15–25.                                                                                                           1933, p. 1.
                                                       36	 Bulletin-Journal 1934h, 1934i.
4	 Dileva 1953; Dileva 1954.                                                                               	 1933c	 Re-employment Workers Total 331 For
                                                       37	 Bulletin-Journal 1934l, 1934m. An often                    County. The Bulletin-Journal, December
5	 Vollan; Iowa Public Broadcasting Network.                 cited 1967 history of Quasqueton identifies               14, 1933, p. 1.
                                                             this dam as a Public Works Administration
6	 Narber, pp. 24–28.                                        (PWA) project, but no evidence of a PWA       	 1933d	 Approve Ten CWS Projects. The Bulletin-
                                                             connection has been found; see Miller Print-             Journal, December 21, 1933, p. 1.
7	 Schwartz, p. 26; Narber, p. 164; McElvaine,               ing, pp. 22, 74.
      p. 265.                                                                                              	 1933e	 New Projects Added. The Bulletin-
                                                       38	 Bulletin-Journal 1934l, 1934m, 1934n,                      Journal, December 21, 1933, p. [8].
8	 Schwartz, pp. 26–27, 33–35.                               1934o, 1934p, 1934q, 1934r, 1935a.
                                                                                                           	 1933f	 CWA Has 351 Men and CWS Has 22
9	 Schwartz, pp. 239–252.                              39	 Bulletin-Journal 1934n, 1934r, 1935a,                      Women. The Bulletin-Journal, December
                                                             1935c, 1935d; Work Projects Administra-                   28, 1933, p. 1.
10	 The Nation; McElvaine, p. 153; Waterloo Dai-             tion, Buchanan County, Iowa, card for WPA
     ly Courier 1933b.                                       project No. 82618.                            	 1934a	 CWA Work Completed. The Bulletin-
                                                                                                                      Journal, January 11, 1934, p. 1.
11	 Schwartz, pp. 213–214, 226–231, 239–240.           40	 Love; Iowa Department of Natural Resources
                                                             2010, Chapter 1.                              	 1934b	 Some CWA Projects. The Bulletin-Journal,
12	McElvaine, pp. 265–288; Schwartz, pp.                                                                               January 18, 1934, p. 1.
      252–259.                                         41	 Iowa Conservation Commission, table titled
                                                             “Iowa Inland River Dams.”                     	 1934c	 Road Work In Buchanan. The Bulletin-
13	 Waterloo Daily Courier 1933c.                                                                                     Journal (Independence, Iowa), January
                                                       42	 Marion Sentinel 1934a, 1934b; Work Proj-                    18, 1934, p. 1.
14	 The number of CWA projects in Iowa and                   ects Administration, Linn County, Iowa, card
      Buchanan County is derived from the table              for WPA project No. 57-1115.                  	 1934d	 Trio Of Small Dams Will Be Erected Here.
      in Appendix B of Narber, pp. 259–264. A                                                                         The Bulletin-Journal, January 18, 1934,
      slightly different number (5,977) is given in    43	 Work Projects Administration, Linn County,                  p. 1.
      Narber, p. 171. The CWA total appears to               Iowa, card for WPA project No. 57-1115.
      include both CWA and Civil Works Service                                                             	 1934e	 CWA Work Pictures. The Bulletin-Journal,
      projects (see below).                            44	 Sumner Gazette 1935a, 1935b.                                January 25, 1934, p. 1.

15	 Bulletin-Journal 1933b, 1933e, 1934a,              45	 Work Projects Administration, Bremer Coun-      	 1934f	 Relief Work in Education. The Bulletin-
     1934b, 1934e; Waterloo Daily Courier                    ty, Iowa, card for WPA project No. 82645;                Journal, January 25, 1934, p. 1.
      1934a.                                                Sumner Gazette 1935c. Another article said
                                                             that funding had been approved in Decem-      	 1934g	 Two Dams Necessary. The Bulletin-
16	 Narber, p. 173.                                         ber 1935; see Sumner Gazette 1936a.                       Journal, February 15, 1934, p. 1.

17	 Schwartz, pp. 164-166.                             46	 Sumner Gazette 1936b; Work Projects Ad-         	 1934h	 Work Started On 2 New Dams. The
                                                             ministration, Bremer County, Iowa, card for              Bulletin-Journal, March 1, 1934, p. 1.
18	 Bulletin-Journal 1933d, 1933f, 1934f.                    WPA project No. 82645.
                                                                                                           	 1934i	 Plan One Small Dam Below Main Street
19	 Iowa Emergency Relief Administration, p.           47	 Postville Herald 1938a; Sumner Gazette                     Bridge. The Bulletin-Journal, March 15,
      10-A.                                                  1938b, 1938c.                                             1934, p. 1.

20	 Bulletin-Journal 1933a.                            48	 Postville Herald 1938b. However, there is       	 1934j	 CWA Work Quits March 31. The Bulletin-
                                                             no evidence from WPA project cards that                  Journal, March 22, 1934, p. [8].
21	 Bulletin-Journal 1933c.                                  this project was approved any time between
                                                             1938 and 1942.                                	 1934k	 Complete Dam Near Oak Grove Cemetery
22	 Bulletin-Journal 1934c.                                                                                           Here. The Bulletin-Journal, March 29,
                                                       49	 Elgin Echo; Postville Herald 1939.                          1934, p. [4].
23	 Bulletin-Journal 1935b.
                                                       50	 Sumner Gazette 1939.                            	 1934l	 Quasqueton column. The Bulletin-
24	 Narber, p. 171.                                                                                                   Journal, May 10, 1934, p. [9].
                                                       51	 Fayette County Leader 1940; Sumner Ga-
25	Work Projects Administration, Buchanan                   zette 1940a, 1940b, 1940c.                     	 1934m	Quasqueton column. The Bulletin-
      County, Iowa.                                                                                                   Journal, May 17, 1934, p. [9].
                                                       52	 Historian Gregg Narber spends seven pages
26	 Iowa Department of Natural Resources ca.                 in his book on the New Deal in Iowa listing   	 1934n	 Start Work on Dam. The Bulletin-Journal,
      2014.                                                  those New Deal structures that have played                June 14, 1934, p. 1.
                                                             a part in his life; see Narber, pp. 1–7.
27	 Church and Chappell, p. 38; State of Iowa,                                                             	 1934o	 Quasqueton column. The Bulletin-
     pp. 60, 97–98; Bulletin-Journal 1934d.                                                                           Journal, June 21, 1934, p. [8].

28	Iowa Department of Natural Resources                                                                    	 1934p	 Quasqueton column. The Bulletin-
      2010, p. 9.                                                                                                     Journal, July 26, 1934, p. [6].

                                                                                                           	 1934q	 Quasqueton column. The Bulletin-
                                                                                                                      Journal, November 8, 1934, p. [7].

                                                                                                           	 1934r	 Dam Work Set Back. The Bulletin-Journal,
                                                                                                                       November 15, 1934, p. [7].

                                                                                                           	 1935a	 Quasqueton column. The Bulletin-
                                                                                                                      Journal, April 25, 1935, p. [6].

                                                                                                           	 1935b	 Relief Work Of 1933–1934 This County.
                                                                                                                      The Bulletin-Journal, May 9, 1935, p. [10].

                                                                                                           	 1935c	 Quasqueton column. The Bulletin-
                                                                                                                      Journal, October 10, 1935, p. [6].

                                                                                                           	 1935d	 Quasqueton column. The Bulletin-
                                                                                                                      Journal, November 14, 1935, p. [6].

                                                                                                           Carlson, Richard J.

                                                                                                           	 2012	 Iowa Site Inventory Form for the
                                                                                                                       Littleton Dam (State Inventory Number
                                                                                                                       10-00603). Included in Morgan, Kendall,
                                                                                                                       and Carlson as Appendix III. Copy on file,
                                                                                                                       State Historic Preservation Office, State
                                                                                                                       Historical Society of Iowa, Des Moines.

16 University of Iowa Office of the State Archaeologist
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